Fastener



M. F. CARR Nov. 4 1924.

FASTENER Filed Jan. 22 1924 Patented Nov. 4, 1924.

UNITEDy STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MOSES F. CARR, OF LEXINGTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO CARR ASTENER COMPANY, OF CAMBRIDGE,`1VIASSACHUSETTSV, A CORPORATION OF MAINE.

FASTENER.

Application filled January k22, 1924. Serial No. 687,748.

To ZZ 'whom it maq/ concern',

Be it known that l, Moens l?,` CARR, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Lexington, in the county kof Middlesex, State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement inFastenei-s, of which the following description, .in' connection with lthe accompanying drawings, is a` specification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts. i f

This invention-.pertains to improvements in fasteners. i y: l

It is among tlieobjects of the'invention to improve and simplify. vthe construction of fastenersof the type whe'rein'separation of stud and socket may only be effected by rel ative tipping movement between them at one side. i

In the drawings, which show apreferred form of one embodiment of my invention Figure 1 is a` frontelevation of a fastener, the socket secured to its carrying` fabric;

Fig. 2 is a section on the line'2-2 of Fig. 1, being partly in elevation;

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2, being partly in elevation; y

Fig. 4 is a rear elevation of the socket prior to its assemb-ly with the` fabric and' back plate; and I Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section ofl the back plate orclench plate.

Referring to the preferred `embodiment of my invention illustrated inthe drawings,

I have shown a stud including a head 5, neck 6, and shank 7 secured to a stud-carry ing part 8, which may be the body of a motor car. This 'stud may be of the character defined in my Unitedr States Letters Patent No. 1,365,023 issued January 11,1922, and co-acting in substantially like manner with the cooperating socket. j

The socket illustrated includes a casing y9 containing a spring 10 presenting vgenerally parallel jaw portions 11 and 12 adapted to engage. the neck 6 of the stud behind the head thereof. The casing includes a face portion, a peripheral wall and ears, as hereinafter explained.

The jaws 11 and 12', adjacent the free ends thereof, present shoulder portions 13 and 14 closely. totembrace the neck of the stud while assisting release of the lstud `from between the jaws when the socket is pulled outwardly at the bottom, the assistance arising from the action of the inclined shoulder rearsurface to guide and back-support the Ifree ends of thejaws1 while permitting free lateral movement thereof in the general plane of the spring. Similarly, the bottom inwardly projecting portion 16 overlies and back-supports those ends of the jaws which are connected to the body of the spring. The holding in place of the spring by the top.

and bottominwardly `projecting portions 15 and 16 may be supplemented by Vlateral inwardly bent holding lugs 15', herein shown as four in number.

To prevent cramping of the spring bythe inwardly bent portion 15, I provide projections herein shown as lugs 20, 2l, struck inwardly from the face of the casing and supporting the portion l15, while the inwardly bent portion 16, may be similarly spaced against cramping the action of the spring, but I prefer to provide a lug 22 struck forwardly from theinwardly bent portion 16 and abutting against the inner surface of the easing. The lug 22 is' preferably, as illustrated, so located as to come-between adjacent portions ofthe spring jaws, and contribute to correct alignment thereof.'

The casing and spring are secured to a flexible socket-carrying` fabric V(usually a curtainlby prongs 24:, which are integral with the casing and are adapted to .pierce` 'the curtain and clench against a back plate ory clench plate 25, thus securing the casing and back plate firmly together and to the curtain.

The inwardly projecting portions 15', 15 and `16 of the casing, overlying the spring, provide surfaces pressed against the exterior surface of the socket-carrying fabric 23, and at the same time opposing such entrance of the fabric within the casing asmight interfere with the proper functioning of the spring jaws.

The back plate 25 has a stud-receiving aperture 26, three sides of which fit relatively closely to the shank of the stud when the socket and stud are engaged, the upper part of the aperture being elongated to provide a clearance to allow tipping of the socketrelative to the stud by a pull in the direction of the arrow, asshown in Fig. 2.

Relative tipping movement between stud and socket in the three other directions is opposed by the engagement of the jaw portions 13 and 1d with the shoulder behind the neck of the stud, which, after a limited movement lbetween stud and socket, is reinforcedA by the engagement of the head of the stud with the walls of the aperture 27 in the face of the casing 9, co-acting with the engagement of the shank 7 of thc stud with the relatively closely fitting sides and bottom of the stud-receiving aperture in the back of clench plate 25.

In use the fastener is to a large extent subjected to strain on rther socket in an outward direction above the stud. While this strain cannot separate the stud and socket, I have found it desirable to minimize the wear arising from this strain by providing a relatively extended bearing surface or lip 2S on the back plate 25 at that side thereof opposite the extended side of the studre-` ceiving aperture; This relatively extended bearing surface 28 is preferably, as illus trated, providedby a portion of the back plate projecting first rearwardly, in a direction away from the socket, and then yprojecting forwardly, terminating adjacent the plane ofthe inner surfaces of the jaws 1l and 12. The bearing surface 28, as viewed in Fig. 3, is'curved generally to conform'to the shape of the stud-receiving aperture, and is preferably of greatest extent at the bottom, narrowing towardthe top thereof, asbest shown in Fig. 5. `Thus a lip is provided whichv may also serve to hold the edge of. tlie fabric, around 'fthe stud-receiving aperture therethrough, away from the stud and `prevent `frayi'ng of thek edge by the stud, vwith attendant possible interference with the proper functioning of the 11 and 12. y

Whilev I' have shown and described a preferred embodiment of my invention, it will be understood that I'have done so for purposes of clarification, and not for purposes of limitation. The scope of my invention is best defined by theV following claims.

Claims.

l. A socket for a three-side lock fastener presenting a casing adapted to be located on that slide of the socket-carrying fabric opposite the side from which the stud enters the socket, a spring in said casing presenting twojaws` having adjacent free ends, said casing formed from a single piece of metal presenting a face portion, a peripheral wall, and an inwardly projecting spring-retaining portion extended to provide a relatively wide guiding and back-supporting surface for the free ends of said jaws, said socket also presenting a combined back plate and clench plate for location on the opposite side of the socket-carryingy fabric from said casing, said clench plate having a stud-receiving opening therethrough having a wall relatively closely embracing the shank of the stud at three sides to oppose relative tipping movement between stud and socket in three directions, while extended in a direction toward the free ends of said jaws to provide a clearance at the fourth side to permit such relative tipping movement in that direction tovdisengage the stud and socket.

2. A socket for a three-side lock fastener presenting a casing adapted to be located on that side of the socket-carrying fabric op posite the side from which the stud enters the socket, a spring in said casing presenting two jaws having adjacent free ends, said casing formed from a single piece of metal presenting a face portion having an opening therein presenting a wall embracing the head of the stud, a peripheral wall, and an inwardly projecting spring-retaining portion extended to provide a relatively wide guiding and` back-supporting surface for the free ends of said jaws, said socket also presenting a combined back plate and clench plate for location on the opposite side of the socket-carrying fabric from said casing, said clench plate having a stud-receiving opening therethrough having a wall relatively closely embracing the shank of the stud at three sides to oppose, while co-acting with the wall of said opening in said face portion, relative tipping movement between stud and socket in three directions, while extended in a direction toward the free ends of said jaws to provide a clearance at the fourth side to permit such relative tippingv movement in that direction to ldisengage the stud and socket.

3. A socket for a three-side lock fastener presenting a casing, a spring in said casing presenting two jaws for engagement on opposite sides of a' cooperating stud, said casing formed of a single piece of metal presenting a face portion, a peripheral wall and an inwardly projecting rspring-retaining portion extended to provide a relatively wide guiding vand back-supporting surface for said jaws above the studengaging portions thereof, said socket also presenting a back plate for location on the opposite side of the socket-carrying fabric .from said casing, said back plate having a stud-receiving opening therethrough having a wall relatively closely embracing the shank of thev stud at three sides to oppose relative tipping4 movement between stud and socket in three directions, while extended at the fourth side toward said back-supporting lll] . casing formed of a single piece of metal presenting a face portion, a peripheral wallv and two inwardly projecting spring-retaining portions extended to provide relatively wide guiding and back-supporting surfaces for said jaws above and below the stud-engaging' portions thereof, said socket also presenting a back plate for location on the opposite side of the socket-carrying fabric from said casing, said back plate having a stud-receiving opening therethrough having a wall relatively closely embracing the shank of the stud at three sides to oppose relative tipping movement between stud and socket in `three directions, while extended at the fourth side, toward said back-sup` porting surface above the stud, to permit such relative tipping movement in a direction to disengage the stud and socket.

5. A socket for a three-side lock fastener comprising a casing presenting at top and bottom inwardly projecting portions integral therewith, lugs supporting the free ends of said inwardly projecting portions, a-

spring in said casing presenting parallel resilient jaws guided and back-supported for free movement beneath said inwardly projecting portions, and a back plate presenting a stud-rece-iving aperture, said casing and back plate adapted to be assembled with the socket-carrying fabric interposed between them and with the fabric tightly pressed against said inwardly projecting portions while the latter are supported by said lugs to oppose bending of said inwardly projecting portions and resultant interference with the free movement of said jaws.

6. A socket for a three-side lock fastener comprising a casing, a spring in said casing and a back plate secure-d to said casing on the opposite side of the socket-carrying fabric from said casing, said back plate having a stud-receiving aperture therethrough andk having a lip extending forwardly therefrom toward the plane of the spring in said casing, said lip presenting an extended wear* resisting bearing surface against the shank of the stud when the latter is engaged with said socket.

7. A socket for a three-side lock fastener comprising a casing, a springiin said casing and a back plate secured to said casing on the opposite side of the socket-carrying fabric from said casing, said back plate having a stud-receiving aperture therethrough and having a lip extending first rearwardly from the general plane of said back plate and then forwardly therefrom toward the plane of the spring in said casing, said lip presenting an extended wear-resisting bearing surface against the shank of the stud whenthe latter is engaged with said socket.

8. A socket for a threeeside loclrfastener comprising, in combination, a casing, a casing-securing part for application to the opposite side of` the socket-carrying fabric from said casing, a spring in said casing, said casing formed of a single piece of metal presenting a face at one side of said spring, a peripheral wall around said spring and an earthrown inwardly 4from said peripheral wall to` overlie said spring, said ear guiding and back-supporting movable jaw portions of said spring, and a projection spacing saidv ear from the inner surface of said face to oppose binding of said movable jaw portions by said ear.

9. A socket for a three-side lock fastener comprising, in combination, a casing, a casing-securing part for application to the opposite side of the socket-carrying fabric from said casing, a spring in said casing, said casing formed of a single piece of metal presenting a face at one side of said spring, a peripheral wall around said spring and an ear thrown inwardly from said 'peripheral wall to overlie said spring, said ear guiding and back-supporting movable jaw portions of said spring, and a projection thrown backwardly from said face portion spacing said ear from the inner surface of said face tooppose binding of said movable jaw portions by said ear. l j

10. A socket for a three-side lock fastener comprising, in combination, a casing, a casingsecuring part for application to the opposite side of the socket-carrying fabric from said casing, a spring in said casing,

said casing formed of a single piece of metal presenting a face `at one side of said spring, a peripheral wall around said spring and an ear thrown inwardly from said peripheral wall tooverlie said spring, said ear guiding and back-supporting movable jaw portions of said spring, and projections located on the opposite sides of said movable jaw portions spacing said ear from the inner surface of said face to oppose binding of said movable jaw portions by said ear.

ll. A socket for a three-,side lock fastener compris-ing, in combination, a casing, a casing-securing part for application to the opposite side of the socket-carrying fabric from said casing, a spring in said casing, said casing formed of a single piece of metal presenting a face at one side of said spring, a peripheral wall around said spring and an ear thrown inwardly from said peripheral wall to overlie said spring, said ear guiding and back-supporting movable 'jaw portions of said spring, and a projection thrown forwardly from said ear between said movable jaw portions and sp-acingsaid ear from lli) the inner surface oisaid face to oppose binding of said Inova-ble jaw portions by said ear. f

1Q. A olench plate for separable fasteners presenting an elongated stnd.recei\fing aperture and an extended bearing surface for a stud partly surrounding said stud-receiving' aperture extending transversely forwardly and rearwardlyfrom the general plane of said clenchplate.

13. A socket for three-side look fasteners and gripped between them, said Casing presenting an opening 'for receiving the head of a stud, said opening interseoted by resilient parallel jaw portions of said spring7 said spring held iin said casing by spring-retaining project-ions, twoA of which overlap the opposite' ends'of said resilient jaw portions and are spaced away from said casing by integral supports to prevent cramping osaid jaws When saidv casing is secured to said Carrying fabric;

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specication.

MOSES F1. CARR. 

